Abstract

The environmental issue became a global problem, mobilizing civil society organizations, media outlets, and governments worldwide in the last two decades of the 20th century. Among global environmental changes, climate change has emerged as a key topic of debate in recent years, emerging as one of the main challenges facing global society as we enter the 21st century. Both Brazil and China still face numerous challenges regarding the complex environmental issues, in a world characterized by high modernity, a risk society, and global environmental change. These two countries have distinguished themselves for their international importance and, above all, for the relevance of environmental issues at the core of their political processes. In this context, this report aims to present the final results of the investigation into the trajectory by which the Brazil-China axis has internalized environmental issues, especially with regard to climate issues, primarily analyzing two social spheres fundamentally involved in this process: the government and the scientific community. The study of the Science-Politics pillar within the Brazil-China axis is of fundamental importance and, consequently, is one of the innovations proposed in this research. Regarding methodological aspects, different research methods were adopted, including, in particular, the systematic analysis of primary and secondary sources, such as bibliographic and documentary research, and visits to China by various team members. Our team comprised PhDs and graduate and undergraduate students who participated in the activities described in this research project, contributing to the implementation of the study proposal. The main outcome of the research was the publication of the book *The Challenge of Climate Change: The Cases of Brazil and China*, funded by FAPESP and Paco Editorial.

Keywords: global environmental changes; climate change; environmental policies; Brazil; China.